How does the Prius electric power steering EPS system work, and what are its common failures?

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How does the Prius electric power steering EPS system work, and what are its common failures?

Unlike traditional hydraulic steering, the Prius uses electronic power-assisted steering EPS. What are the main components of this system, and what are the typical causes of failure, such as faulty EPS motors o r steering sensors?

Lubaba asked on 14 Feb 2025 16:55:21 pm

1 Answer

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Car Mechanic Expert - on 14 Feb 2025 16:59:27 pm

The Electric Power Steering EPS system in the Prius works by using an electric motor to assist the driver in turning the steering wheel. Unlike hydraulic systems, which use power from the engine, EPS relies on electricity from the car’s battery and involves the following components:

EPS motor: Provides the steering assist by generating torque.
Steering column sensors: Detect the position and movement of the steering wheel.
Control module: Processes sensor data to adjust the amount of steering assistance.

Common EPS failures include:

Faulty EPS motor: Can lead to stiff steering, reduced assist, o r total loss of power steering.
Faulty steering angle sensor: This can cause the car to pull o r misalign the steering.
Software issues: Malfunctions in the EPS control module could cause intermittent power steering failure.
Wiring o r electrical issues: Poor connections o r short circuits can cause intermittent issues with the system.